Needle Electrodes
Transcutaneous LEMG is a popular method for conducting LEMG. For its application bipolar needle electrodes are used.
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Hooked Wire Electrodes
For transoral LEMG application, hooked wire electrodes are used.
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Botulinumtoxin Electrode
Botulinumtoxin can be injected as temporary therapy for bilateral vocal fold palsy. By weakening the closing muscles like the TA, an improvement of airflow is possible. For application, a syringe is connected to the monopolar needle.
Surface Electrodes
For Botox Injection, LEMG is useful for finding the correct needle position. However, botox needles are monopolar and need a surface electrode – placed behind the ear or onto the clavicle – as reference.
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Earth Electrode
For all LEMG application methods, it is necessary to use an earth electrode which can be wrapped around the wrist.