Needle Electrodes
Transcutaneous LEMG is a popular method for conducting LEMG. For its application bipolar needle electrodes are used.
Hooked Wire Electrodes
For transoral LEMG application, hooked wire electrodes are used.
Botulinumtoxin Electrode
Botulinumtoxin can be injected as temporary therapy for bilateral vocal fold palsy. By weakening the closing muscles like the TA, an improvement of airflow is possible. For application, a syringe is connected to the monopolar needle.
Surface Electrodes
For Botox Injection, LEMG is useful for finding the correct needle position. However, botox needles are monopolar and need a surface electrode – placed behind the ear or onto the clavicle – as reference.
Earth Electrode
For all LEMG application methods, it is necessary to use an earth electrode which can be wrapped around the wrist.